NAMA : Tasya Nadinda Putri
KELAS : 1EA19
NPM : 17216310
DOSEN : Agus Necholase
BAHASA INGGRIS 2
English
has two articles: the and a/an. The is used to refer to specific or particular
nouns; a/an is used to modify non-specific or non-particular nouns. We call the
the definite article and a/an the indefinite article.
the
= definite article
a/an
= indefinite article
For
example, if I say, "Let's read the book," I mean a specific book. If
I say, "Let's read a book," I mean any book rather than a specific
book.
Here's
another way to explain it: The is used to refer to a specific or particular
member of a group. For example, "I just saw the most popular movie of the
year." There are many movies, but only one particular movie is the most
popular. Therefore, we use the.
"A/an"
is used to refer to a non-specific or non-particular member of the group. For
example, "I would like to go see a movie." Here, we're not talking
about a specific movie. We're talking about any movie. There are many movies,
and I want to see any movie. I don't have a specific one in mind.
Let's
look at each kind of article a little more closely.
Indefinite
Articles: a and an
"A"
and "an" signal that the noun modified is indefinite, referring to
any member of a group. For example:
"My
daughter really wants a dog for Christmas." This refers to any dog. We
don't know which dog because we haven't found the dog yet.
"Somebody
call a policeman!" This refers to any policeman. We don't need a specific
policeman; we need any policeman who is available.
"When
I was at the zoo, I saw an elephant!" Here, we're talking about a single,
non-specific thing, in this case an elephant. There are probably several
elephants at the zoo, but there's only one we're talking about here.
Remember,
using a or an depends on the sound that begins the next word. So...
a
+ singular noun beginning with a consonant: a boy; a car; a bike; a zoo; a dog
an
+ singular noun beginning with a vowel: an elephant; an egg; an apple; an
idiot; an orphan
a +
singular noun beginning with a consonant sound: a user (sounds like 'yoo-zer,'
i.e. begins with a consonant 'y' sound, so 'a' is used); a university; a
unicycle
an
+ nouns starting with silent "h": an hour
a
+ nouns starting with a pronounced "h": a horse
In
some cases where "h" is pronounced, such as "historical,"
you can use an. However, a is more commonly used and preferred.
A
historical event is worth recording.
Remember
that these rules also apply when you use acronyms:
Introductory
Composition at Purdue (ICaP) handles first-year writing at the University.
Therefore, an ICaP memo generally discusses issues concerning English 106
instructors.
Another
case where this rule applies is when acronyms start with consonant letters but
have vowel sounds:
An
MSDS (material safety data sheet) was used to record the data. An SPCC plan
(Spill Prevention Control and Countermeasures plan) will help us prepare for
the worst.
If
the noun is modified by an adjective, the choice between a and an depends on
the initial sound of the adjective that immediately follows the article:
a
broken egg
an
unusual problem
a
European country (sounds like 'yer-o-pi-an,' i.e. begins with consonant 'y'
sound)
Remember,
too, that in English, the indefinite articles are used to indicate membership
in a group:
I
am a teacher. (I am a member of a large group known as teachers.)
Brian
is an Irishman. (Brian is a member of the people known as Irish.)
Seiko
is a practicing Buddhist. (Seiko is a member of the group of people known as
Buddhists.)
Definite
Article: the
The
definite article is used before singular and plural nouns when the noun is
specific or particular. The signals that the noun is definite, that it refers
to a particular member of a group. For example:
"The
dog that bit me ran away." Here, we're talking about a specific dog, the
dog that bit me.
"I
was happy to see the policeman who saved my cat!" Here, we're talking
about a particular policeman. Even if we don't know the policeman's name, it's
still a particular policeman because it is the one who saved the cat.
"I
saw the elephant at the zoo." Here, we're talking about a specific noun.
Probably there is only one elephant at the zoo.
Count
and Noncount Nouns
The
can be used with noncount nouns, or the article can be omitted entirely.
"I
love to sail over the water" (some specific body of water) or "I love
to sail over water" (any water).
"He
spilled the milk all over the floor" (some specific milk, perhaps the milk
you bought earlier that day) or "He spilled milk all over the floor"
(any milk).
"A/an"
can be used only with count nouns.
"I
need a bottle of water."
"I
need a new glass of milk."
Most
of the time, you can't say, "She wants a water," unless you're
implying, say, a bottle of water.
Do
not use the before:
names
of most countries/territories: Italy, Mexico, Bolivia; however, the
Netherlands, the Dominican Republic, the Philippines, the United States
names
of cities, towns, or states: Seoul, Manitoba, Miami
names
of streets: Washington Blvd., Main St.
names
of lakes and bays: Lake Titicaca, Lake Erie except with a group of lakes like
the Great Lakes
names
of mountains: Mount Everest, Mount Fuji except with ranges of mountains like
the Andes or the Rockies or unusual names like the Matterhorn
names
of continents (Asia, Europe)
names
of islands (Easter Island, Maui, Key West) except with island chains like the
Aleutians, the Hebrides, or the Canary Islands
Do
use the before:
names
of rivers, oceans and seas: the Nile, the Pacific
points
on the globe: the Equator, the North Pole
geographical
areas: the Middle East, the West
deserts,
forests, gulfs, and peninsulas: the Sahara, the Persian Gulf, the Black Forest,
the Iberian Peninsula
example :
1.
He has ___ new motorcycle.
A. A
B.
An
C.
The
2.
I want to buy ___ umbrella.
A.
A
B. An
C.
The
3.
She is reading ___ interesting book.
A.
A
B. An
C.
The
4.
She has bought me ___ apple juice.
A.
A
B. An
C. The
42. Please, open
___ door!
A. A
B. An
C. The
daftar pustaka
https://www.google.com/webhp?sourceid=chrome-instant&rlz=1C1NHXL_idID716ID716&ion=1&espv=2&ie=UTF-8#
http://www.itapuih.com/2016/04/50-soal-bahasa-inggris-article-an.html
