DIRECT AND INDIRECT SPEECH

nama       : tasya nadinda p

kelas       : 1ea 19

npm : 17216310

nama dosen   : aGUS NECHOLASE

Direct and indirect speech can be a source of confusion for English learners. Let's first define the terms, then look at how to talk about what someone said, and how to convert speech from direct to indirect or vice-versa.

You can answer the question What did he say? in two ways:

• by repeating the words spoken (direct speech)
• by reporting the words spoken (indirect or reported speech).

DIRECT SPEECH

Direct speech repeats, or quotes, the exact words spoken. When we use direct speech in writing, we place the words spoken between quotation marks (" ") and there is no change in these words. We may be reporting something that's being said NOW (for example a telephone conversation), or telling someone later about a previous conversation.

EXAMPLES

• She says, "What time will you be home?"
• She said, "What time will you be home?" and I said, "I don't know! "
• "There's a fly in my soup!" screamed Simone.
• John said, "There's an elephant outside the window."

INDIRECT SPEECH

Reported or indirect speech is usually used to talk about the past, so we normally change the tense of the words spoken. We use reporting verbs like 'say', 'tell', 'ask', and we may use the word 'that' to introduce the reported words. Inverted commas are not used.

She said, "I saw him." (direct speech) = She said that she had seen him. (indirect speech)

'That' may be omitted:
She told him that she was happy. = She told him she was happy.

'SAY' AND 'TELL'

Use 'say' when there is no indirect object:
He said that he was tired.

Always use 'tell' when you say who was being spoken to (i.e. with an indirect object):
He told me that he was tired.

'TALK' AND 'SPEAK'

Use these verbs to describe the action of communicating:
He talked to us.
She was speaking on the telephone.

Use these verbs with 'about' to refer to what was said:
He talked (to us) about his parents.

example:

Direct speech:

I told Jerry, “I can fix this computer soon”
Aku memberitahu Jerry, “Aku dapat memperbaiki computer ini segera”.

Indirect speech:

I told to him that I could fix this computer immediately.
Aku memberitahu dia bahwa aku bisa memperbaiki komputer ini segera.

Direct speech:

Marry told us, “I have to go now”
Marry memberitahu kami , “Aku harus pergi saat ini”

Indirect speech:

Marry told to us that she had to go then.
Marry memberitahu kami bahwa dia harus pergi saat itu.

Jika Verb di reporting sentence present maka verb di reported sentence tidak berubah

Direct speech:

John tells Anne “I will pick you up at seven o’clock tonight”
John memberitahu Anne, “Aku akan menjemputmu pada jam 7 malam malam ini.

Indirect speech:

John told to Anne that he will pick her up at seven o’clock tonight.
John memberitahu Anne bahwa dia akan menjemput dia jam 7 malam itu.

latihan soal :

1. Bayu said Yuni, “why are you so say now?”. What did Tina say to Eko …

a. Bayu said Yuni, why she is so sad now
b. Bayu said Yuni why you are so sad then
c. Bayu said Yuni why he is so sad then
d. Bayu said Yuni why he was so sad now
e. Bayu said Yuni why he was so sad then

Jawaban : E
Penjelasannya: karena dalam perubahannnya “TOBE   ysang berupa are” akan berubah menjadi “was (karena yang dituju untuk subjek Yuni= she)” dalam indirect speech, sedangkan subjeknya pada direct speech berupa “you” ditujukan untuk “Yuni= she” , keterangan waktu berupa “now” berubah menjadi “then”

2. Dinda said Hanif, “where are you when I come to your home?”. We know that

a. Dinda said Hanif where she were when she came to his home
b. Dinda said Hanif where she were when she had come to his home
c. Dinda said Hanif where she were when she came to her home
d. Dinda said Hanif where she were when she came to her home
e. Dinda said Hanif where she were when she had come to her home

Jawaban : A
Penjelasannya: karena dalam perubahannnya “tobe berupa were” akan berubah menjadi “could” dalam indirect speech, sedangkan subjeknya pada direct speech berupa “you” ditujukan untuk “Hanif=he” , pada subejk ke dua berupa “I” ditujukan untuk “dinda=she” dan untuk possessive adjective “your home” pengganti dari “Hanif’’s home=his home”

3.Asep asked Duwi, “when is your mom now ?”. We can conclude that

a. Asep asked Duwi when your mom was then
b. Asep asked Duwi when her mom was then
c. Asep asked Duwi when his mom was then
d. Asep asked Duwi when her mom was now
e. Asep asked Duwi when his mom was now

Jawaban : C
Penjelasannya: karena dalam perubahannnya “tobe berupa is” akan berubah menjadi “was (karena subjek yang dituju adalah your mom=she” dalam indirect speech, sedangkan subjeknya pada direct speech berupa “your mom=” dirubah menjadi “Asep’s mom=his mom”

4. Henny said Novi, “Which one is yours?”. We can conclude that

a. Hennny said Novi Which one was yours
b. Hennny said Novi Which one were yours
c. Hennny said Novi Which one were his
d. Hennny said Novi Which one was his
e. Hennny said Novi Which one is yours Jawaban : D

Penjelasannya: karena dalam perubahannnya “tobe berupa is ” akan berubah menjadi “was (karena subjek yang dituju adalah yours=his” dalam indirect speech, sedangkan subjeknya pada direct speech berupa “yours ditujukan untuk “kepunyaan laki-laki= his”,

5. Yumna said Fairuz , “when is she?”. We can conclude that

a. Yumna said Fairuz when she is
b. Yumna said Fairuz when She was
c. Yumna said Fairuz when She had been
d. Yumna said Fairuz when She should have been
e. Yumna said Fairuz when She been

Jawaban: E
Penjelasannya: karena dalam perubahannnya “tobe berupa is” akan berubah menjadi “was (karena subjek yang dituju she” dalam indirect speech.

daftar pustaka
HTTP://WWW.BELAJARBAHASAINGGRISKU.COM/2015/01/PULUHAN-CONTOH-KALIMAT-DIRECT-DAN-INDIRECT-SPEECH-BESERTA-ARTINYA.HTML

http://www.ef.com/english-resources/english-grammar/direct-and-indirect-speech/